The Effect of Business Capital, Business Duration, and Business Environment on the Income of Muslim Traders at Srijaya Market Madiun

Rodhiya Kholifatun Nisa; Fakaruzzaman Hidayatullah

Authors

Rodhiya Kholifatun Nisa Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo; Indonesia
Fakaruzzaman Hidayatullah Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo; Indonesia

Keywords:

Business Capital, Business Duration, Business Environment, Muslim Traders' Income

Abstract

Income is a key indicator of business success, shaped by a range of production factors. A preliminary survey among Muslim traders at Srijaya Market, Madiun, found that their income was insufficient to cover daily living expenses, hindering business development. This study aims to examine the effects of business capital, business duration, and business environment on the income of Muslim traders at Srijaya Market, Madiun, both individually and jointly. The study employed a quantitative survey approach. The population consisted of 266 traders, from which a sample of 73 Muslim traders was determined using the Slovin formula and a random sampling technique. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS 16.0. The results show that business capital has a positive and significant effect on income (t-count 5.891 > t-table 1.667; Sig. 0.000), business duration has a positive and significant effect on income (t-count 1.850 > t-table 1.667), while business environment has no significant effect on income (t-count 0.772 < t-table 1.667; Sig. 0.443). Simultaneously, business capital, business duration, and business environment have a positive and significant effect on Muslim traders' income (F-count = 15.592 > F-table = 2.736; Sig. = 0.000), accounting for 40.4 percent of the variance (R Square = 0.404). These findings underscore the importance of effective capital management and trading experience in improving the income of Muslim traders in traditional markets.

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